Retrospective Study of Cervical Smear Screening for Detection of Pathological Lesions among Patients Attending Gynaecology Opd

Objectives: To study the outcome of screening of cervical smears of women attending the Gynaecology OPD for detection of various pathological lesions of Uterine Cervix. Study Setting:Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Mumbai Study Design: Hospital based retrospective study Methodology: The retrospective study was conducted by using records of Gynaecology OPD patients attending Tertiary Care Institute for screening of cervical smears(N=200). Personal information like age, religion, marital status, parity was noted. Detailed medical history, drug history and complaints were also recorded. The outcome of cytopathological examination, as per “The Bethesda System” was studied. The smears were classified as normal, negative for intraepithelial lesion and epithelial cell abnormalities. Results: Total 200 patients were sent for cytopathological examination for screening of cervical cancer (N=200). The most common age group of patients was 31-40 Years. Most of them were Hindu (90%), belonged to lower socioeconomic status (70%) and multipara (92%). The commonest complain recorded was PV discharge (31%). The outcome of cervical smear examination showed Inflammation (46%), normal smear (16%), and other findings. The cytopathological findings suggestive of Carcinoma cervix was seen in 2 patients. Conclusions and Recommendations: Cancer cervix can be prevented as it has a long pre-invasive state. In India, most of these cases come to the attention of doctors at an advanced stage when hardly any curative management is possible. Hence, screening programs (including cytology examination) plays a major role in prevention of cervical cancer.